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MiCA with no supervisor: Poland fails for a third time to name its crypto-asset authority

On 4 September 2026 the Polish Sejm fell short of the 266 votes it needed to override the president's third veto of the bill that would have made the KNF the crypto-asset market supervisor. Firms established in Poland can therefore neither file for authorisation nor passport their services.

On 4 September 2026 the Sejm, the lower house of the Polish parliament, took up the president's request to reconsider the Act of 15 May 2026 on the crypto-asset market. The record of vote no. 15 at the 64th sitting shows 241 votes to override the veto, 198 against and 3 abstentions, out of 442 members voting. The three-fifths majority stood at 266. The override fell 25 votes short.

What MiCA leaves to national law

Regulation (EU) 2023/1114, known as MiCA, has applied directly across the member states since 30 December 2024. Article 93(1) requires each member state to designate, under its own law, the competent authority that carries out the functions the regulation sets out. MiCA lays down authorisation conditions and firm obligations, but it does not name that authority, it does not create the national penalty regime, and it does not organise the review procedure. National implementing legislation has to supply all three. Poland has not passed it.

With no designated authority, no application from a crypto-asset service provider established in Poland can be reviewed. No review means no authorisation, and no authorisation means no passport under Article 65, which opens the other member states to an authorised provider from its home country.

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What the KNF finds
In a position paper published in February 2026, the Urząd Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego states that no public administration body has been designated in Poland as the competent authority. The web page hosting it carries an update date of 4 September 2026. That absence applies to offerors of crypto-assets other than asset-referenced tokens and e-money tokens. It applies equally to issuers of asset-referenced tokens and to crypto-asset service providers.
A red and white flag flying in the wind.
Poland's national MiCA legislation has been blocked three times.

The payments angle: a supervisor for e-money tokens

An e-money token is a crypto-asset that holds a stable value by referencing a single official currency. MiCA treats it as electronic money, and therefore as a payment instrument, and limits issuance to credit institutions and electronic money institutions. The KNF remains the competent authority for those issuers under Article 3(1)(35)(b). This segment is the only part of the Polish crypto-asset market that still has a supervisor.

The 1 July 2026 deadline has passed

Article 143(3) of MiCA allowed providers that operated lawfully under national rules before 30 December 2024 to keep going on that basis until 1 July 2026, or until an authorisation was granted or refused, whichever came first. In Poland those firms are mostly the entities entered in the virtual currency activity register kept by the tax administration chamber in Katowice.

The UKNF had set out what would happen next. At that deadline, absent a designation, domestic firms would lose the ability to provide crypto-asset services on that basis until they obtained an authorisation. Opening an authorisation procedure in Poland requires the authority to be designated by statute. That deadline cannot be extended by an act of parliament or by a KNF decision.

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An asymmetry against Polish firms
A provider authorised in another member state can serve the Polish market, because its notification travels through its home authority, which has 10 working days to pass it to the single points of contact in the host states. The lack of a Polish single point of contact does not block that route. The reverse direction is shut.

What the blocked act contained

PROVISIONContent
Competent authorityThe KNF becomes the supervisor of the crypto-asset market under MiCA.
Precautionary measuresFreezing of fiat currency or crypto-asset accounts, and suspension of specified transactions for 96 hours, extendable to six months.
RegisterA register of fraudulent internet domains used for crypto-asset activity.
Supervisory feesCapped at 0.5% for token issuers and 0.4% for service providers.
What the Act of 15 May 2026 provided

President Karol Nawrocki vetoed the act on 11 June 2026, and his request for reconsideration was filed with the Sejm as print no. 2710 on 17 June. He says he backs regulating the sector, while objecting to the compliance cost of the scheme and to the breadth of the powers handed to the administration, including the power to restrict access to websites. Finance and Economy Minister Andrzej Domański says he favours filing a fourth, identical government bill; no decision has been taken.

Aerial view of a city square and the people crossing it.
Warsaw. No MiCA authorisation application can be filed there.

The Zondacrypto case in the debate

The vote came while prosecutors were pursuing their investigation into Zondacrypto, an exchange founded as BitBay. Supporters of the bill cited the case to make their argument.

April 2026
Losses estimated
Prosecutors put losses linked to Zondacrypto at no less than 350 million zlotys, about $95 million on the conversion used by Cointelegraph.
July 2026
Cases joined
The fraud and money laundering investigation joins the case opened into the 2022 disappearance of BitBay founder Sylwester Suszek.
August 2026
Bankruptcy declared
An Estonian court declares BB Trade Estonia, the exchange's operator, bankrupt.
17 September 2026
Creditors' meeting
First general meeting of creditors in the Estonian proceedings.

The designation now depends on a text the Sejm can no longer adopt. A fourth draft would start again at first reading, and would still need three-fifths if it drew another veto. Providers authorised in another member state can keep serving the Polish market. Providers established in Poland have no route to authorisation until the designating act is passed.

Provenance

Published on 4 September 2026

7 sources, 7 distinct domains

Sejm RP, głosowanie nr 15 na 64. posiedzeniu Sejmu, 4 września 2026 · api.sejm.gov.plUrząd Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego, Stanowisko UKNF w związku z brakiem wyznaczenia w Polsce organu właściwego w zakresie nadzoru nad rynkiem kryptoaktywów · knf.gov.plComparic, Znamy stanowisko KNF ws. rynku krypto. Kluczowa data to 1 lipca 2026 r. · comparic.plCointelegraph, Poland upholds crypto bill veto as Zondacrypto probe widens · cointelegraph.comBankier.pl, 25 głosów zabrakło do odrzucenia weta. Ustawa o kryptowalutach nadal zablokowana · bankier.plwnp.pl, Sejm po raz trzeci uchwalił ustawę o rynku kryptoaktywów, która wyznacza KNF jako organ nadzorczy nad tym rynkiem · wnp.plEUR-Lex, Règlement (UE) 2023/1114 sur les marchés de crypto-actifs (MiCA) · eur-lex.europa.eu
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